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    <title>Les Passerelles Éco — Publications</title>
    <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/nos-travaux</link>
    <description>Analysis and reports from the independent think tank Les Passerelles Éco on sovereignty.</description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>Can France afford its energy sovereignty?</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/la-france-a-t-elle-les-moyens-de-sa-souverainete-energetique</link>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Half a century after the Messmer plan, the “Messmer 2” plan set out in the PPE3 has settled the technology choices for 2026-2035. The question that remains is one of means: can France fund this new push for energy sovereignty? Public support for renewables cost the State €26.3 billion between 2016…</description>
      <dc:creator>Thomas Jay</dc:creator>
      <category>Thematic report</category>
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    <item>
      <title>European Innovation Council (EIC): mission, values and activities</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/conseil-europeen-innovation-eic</link>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Established in 2021, the European Innovation Council (EIC) funds what the market will not: high-risk, high-impact breakthrough technologies, from the laboratory to scale-up. Through the EIC Fund, the European Commission has for the first time become a direct shareholder in its technology champions…</description>
      <dc:creator>Paolo Bondavalli</dc:creator>
      <category>Institutional analysis</category>
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      <title>Crypto-asset sovereignty in Europe and France</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/souverainete-des-crypto-actifs-en-europe-et-en-france</link>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Crypto-assets are shifting the locus of monetary sovereignty. Faced with dollar stablecoins that dominate the global market, Europe has responded with MiCA, a single framework accompanied by a European passport, whose requirements France now applies in full following the closure of its national…</description>
      <dc:creator>Nolan NABETH</dc:creator>
      <category>Economic analysis</category>
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      <title>Digital sovereignty: the State as architect, tested by reality</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/souverainete-numerique-l-etat-architecte-a-l-epreuve-du-reel</link>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>At VivaTech 2026, Les Passerelles Éco interviewed Florian Delezenne, who leads the interministerial products at DINUM (La Suite numérique, FranceConnect, data.gouv.fr). The discussion outlines the shift from a State that long rented its digital tools to a State that is taking back control of their…</description>
      <dc:creator>John-John Barrier</dc:creator>
      <category>Strategic vision</category>
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      <title>Electric batteries and sovereignty: the Hauts-de-France laboratory</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/batteries-electriques-et-souverainete-le-laboratoire</link>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>In just a few years, Hauts-de-France has become Europe&apos;s Battery Valley: four gigafactories, 2,500 direct jobs and a structured industry stretching from graphite to recycling. As Xavier Bertrand points out, industry is not dead in France; this is the fruit of a deliberate political will and of a…</description>
      <dc:creator>John-John Barrier</dc:creator>
      <category>Industrial geopolitics</category>
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      <title>Is French electricity production destined to be exported?</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/la-production-electrique-francaise-est-elle-vouee-a-etre-exportee</link>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Structural overcapacity: is French electricity production destined to be exported? In 2025, France exported a record volume of electricity equivalent to 20% of its domestic consumption, not as a matter of strategy, but for want of sufficient domestic demand. Three levers exist to absorb this…</description>
      <dc:creator>Thomas Jay</dc:creator>
      <category>Thematic report</category>
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      <title>Power or dependence? France and the drone challenge</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/puissance-ou-dependance-la-france-et-le-defi-des-drones</link>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Military drones have become a major strategic lever, combining surveillance, precision and reduced risk for armed forces. In France, their integration ranges from tactical micro-drones to MALE systems such as the MQ-9 Reaper, but a heavy dependence on foreign technologies limits autonomy. To…</description>
      <dc:creator>Aurélie Caillot</dc:creator>
      <category>Thematic report</category>
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      <title>The geopolitics of wheat</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/geopolitique-du-ble</link>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>This analytical note explores the major strategic challenges facing the French wheat sector at the start of 2026. As climate change and geopolitical tensions redraw the world map of cereals, the study examines how France, the ‘granary of Europe’, must adapt its strategy in the face of the emergence…</description>
      <dc:creator>Thomas Jay</dc:creator>
      <category>Economic analysis</category>
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      <title>Building sovereignty</title>
      <link>https://lespasserelleseco.org/en/publication/lignes-directrices</link>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>Our founding manifesto, setting out the guiding principles of Les Passerelles Éco for genuine and lasting European industrial sovereignty.</description>
      <dc:creator>John-John Barrier</dc:creator>
      <category>Manifesto</category>
      <category>Strategic vision</category>
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